German noun plurals not ending in -s are not as irregular as Clahsen suggests. Feminine nouns get the -n plural, unless they umlaut and are subject to a constraint that requires a reduced final syllable in the plural. Another regular class is masculine nouns ending in schwa, which are weakly inflected. It is suggested that more differentiated psycholinguistic experiments can identify these regularities.

Note critiche alla filosofia sociale di Herbert Marcuse, di D. Ulle.--E' rivoluzionaria la dottrina di Marcuse? di J. Zamoshkin, N. Motroshilova.

I review arguments demonstrating how the concept of “particle” numbers arises in the form of equidistant energy eigenvalues of coupled harmonic oscillators representing free fields. Their quantum numbers (numbers of nodes of the wave functions) can be interpreted as occupation numbers for objects with a formal mass (defined by the field equation) and spatial wave number (“momentum”) characterizing classical field modes. A superposition of different oscillator eigenstates, all consisting of n modes having one node, while all others have none, defines (...) a non-degenerate “n-particle wave function”. Other discrete properties and phenomena (such as particle positions and “events”) can be understood by means of the fast but continuous process of decoherence: the irreversible dislocalization of superpositions. Any wave-particle dualism thus becomes obsolete. The observation of individual outcomes of this decoherence process in measurements requires either a subsequent collapse of the wave function or a “branching observer” in accordance with the Schrödinger equation—both possibilities applying clearly after the decoherence process. Any probability interpretation of the wave function in terms of local elements of reality, such as particles or other classical concepts, would open a Pandora’s box of paradoxes, as is illustrated by various misnomers that have become popular in quantum theory. (shrink)

The following pages contain a partial edition of Husserl’s manuscript A I 35, pages 1a-28b. The first few pages are dated on May 1927 and are included mostly for completeness’ sake. The bulk of the manuscript convolute, however, is from 1912. Four pages of the convolute, 31a-34b, have been published as Beilage XII (210, 2–216, 2) in Hua XXXII. The manuscript was excluded from the text selection of Husserliana XXI3 based on its much later date of composition. A I 35/24a (...) is mentioned in Husserliana XXII (p. xxi, n. 4) as confirmation for Zermelo’s 1902 “oral report” to Husserl of his own independent discovery of the paradox. The text presented here for the first time has already been the target of at least three extensive commentaries, while still unpublished, by Claire Ortiz Hill and Guillermo Rosado Haddock. These present a good survey in english of the central issues on the text and contain many translated quotations. (shrink)

In this paper, the author presents Husserl’s method of eidetic varition. He starts with an analysis of how the method works in the case of empirical types corresponding to objects of everyday life, and he stress the results of its application, namely the gathering of a priori, apodictic knowledge about essences. The author examines the way this method can be applied to what Husserl called the material mathematics, for instance, Euclidean geometry. Finally, he addresses the main question regarding the possibility (...) of using eidetic variation, and eidetic intuition, in formal mathematics. Análysing one example of a formal proof, he concludes that eideitic variation procedures are still at work in this realm. Precisely in the “implicit variation” that allows the mathematician to reason about any number whatsoever when developing is formal proofs, for instance, about any concrete natural number, when proving a theorem about N. (shrink)

La obra de Hans-Dieter Gondek y László Tengelyi, Neue Phänomenologie in Frankreich (2011) ofrece una relectura de los nuevos desarrollos fenomenológicos provenientes de Francia. Su tesis principal es que a pesar de que estos enfoques son muy diversos, ellos tienen en común el siguiente motivo fundamental: una reformulación del estatuto del fenómeno como «acontecimiento de sentido» (Sinnereignis). El presente trabajo ofrece una traducción al español de la «Introducción» de la obra mencionada, donde se expone un panorama general de la (...) filosofía francesa. En segundo lugar, se aborda la lectura de Dominique Janicaud del supuesto «giro teológico» en cierto sector la fenomenología gala, que juzgan parcial e insuficiente para dar cuenta de la nueva fenomenología en el Hexágono. Finalmente, tratan de probar las limitaciones de la lectura de Janicaud, contraponiendo dos perspectivas fenomenológicas, a su juicio, sumamente distintas, a saber: Jean-Luc Marion y Marc Richir. Aunque estas propuestas tengan metas diferentes, ellas llevan adelante una transformación de los límites de la fenomenicidad, un tópico que también está en el centro mismo de los análisis de los autores. (shrink)

Unter dem Namen "Oracula Sibyllina" ist eine Sammlung in Hexametern abgefasster Pseudoorakel uberliefert mit den Buchern 1-8 und 11-14 in etwa 4230 Versen. Die fruhesten Teile entstanden im judischen Milieu seit der 2. Halfte des 1. Jahrhunderts v. Chr.; nach 150 n. Chr. wurden diese durch christliche Autoren rezipiert, erganzt und uberarbeitet. Die historischen Anspielungen reichen bis in das 3. nachchristliche Jahrhundert; die Endfassung wurde wohl im 6. Jahrhundert abgeschlossen. Der Legende nach hat Tarquinius Superbus, der letzte legendare Konig Roms, (...) die Bucher direkt von der Sibylle von Cumae erworben. Im Tempel des Iuppiter Capitolinus aufbewahrt und von 15 Priestern gehutet, durften sie nur eingesehen werden, wenn der Senat dies wegen beangstigender Vorzeichen anordnete. Im Jahr 83 v. Chr. vernichtete ein Brand auf dem Kapitol die Sammlung, eine neue wurde aufgrund von Nachforschungen an griechischen Sibyllenheiligtumern zusammengestellt.". (shrink)

If ω n has the tree property for all $2 \leq n and $2^{ , then for all X ∈ H ℵ ω and $n exists.

Review of Griechische Grundbegriffe By Karl Kernyi. Fragen und Antworten aus der heutigen Situation (Albae Vigiliae, N.F. Heft XIX; Zfirich: Rhein-Verlag, 1964.72 Seiten,DM/Fr 9, 80.) In the present little volume 1 which is rich in content, Karl Kernyi makes an attempt to interpret several essential "basic Greek concepts" with regard to the "basic Greek realities" (griechischen GrundtaLsachen) which come to expression in them in such a way that, when confronted with contemporary religious and theological inquiry, they disclose their meaning in (...) a way that is applicable to the contemporary situation (p. 10). (shrink)

The recent economic crisis as well as other disasters such as the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico or the nuclear disaster in Japan has fanned calls for leaders who do not deny responsibility, hide information, and deceive others, but rather lead with authenticity and integrity. In this article, we empirically investigate the concept of authentic leadership. Specifically, we examine the antecedents and individual as well as group-level outcomes of authentic leadership in business (Study 1; n = 306) as (...) well as research organizations (Study 2; n = 105). Findings reveal leader self-knowledge and self-consistency as antecedents of authentic leadership and followers’ satisfaction with supervisor, organizational commitment, and extra-effort as well as perceived team effectiveness as outcomes. The relations between authentic leadership and followers’ work-related attitudes as well as perceived team effectiveness are mediated by perceived predictability of the leader, a particular facet of trust. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory and practice and provide suggestions for advancing theory and research on authentic leadership in the future. (shrink)

If $\omega_n$ has the tree property for all $2 \leq n < \omega$ and $2^{<\aleph_{\omega}} = \aleph_{\omega}$, then for all $X \in H_{\aleph_{\omega}}$ and $n < \omega, M^#_n$ exists.

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:BOOK REVIEWS 127 les Paiens de leurs t6nebres,... de les fortifier de telle sorte contre les pr~jugez & contre les erreurs populaires qu'ils fussent incapables d'y tomber. Again, we learn that Bayle says "we do not know if a substance is by nature spiritual or corporeal, nor if the soul is immortal" with references to "Pyrrhon, B" and "Charron, O" (p. 112). Whatever Professor Mason means about substance, it (...) is not contained as far as I can see in "Pyrrhon, B"; and the point in "Charron, O" is that there is no irrefutable proof of the immortality of the soul. 2Professor Mason is following Voltaire's example more thanBayle's when he attributes to an author implications or attitudes not clearly expressed in the original. This is not to say that his conclusions are totally invalidated; on the contrary, they stand up despite his unreliability on Bayle, for his principal concern is Voltaire's reactions to the Scholar of Rotterdam. Apart from these reservations, it is good to have so important and so complicated a subject so compactly documented. CRAm B. BRVS~ Columbia University Das medizinische Weltbild des Paracelsus. Seine Zusammenhiinge mit Neuplatonismus und Gnosis. By Waiter Pagel. (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1962. "Kosmosophie", Forschungen und Texte zur Geschichte des Weltbildes, der Naturphilosophie, der Mystik und des Spiritualismus vom Sp~tmittelalter bis zur Romantik, ed. by K. Goldammer, Vol. I. Pp. xvi ~- 160. DM 24.) The new monograph series "Kosmosophie" couId not have been introduced more excellently than by Walter Pagel's work on Paracelsus which supplements and extends his earlier study Paracelsus, An Introduction to Philosophical Medicine in the Era of the Renaissance (Basel & New York: 1958). The new series is devoted to studies in the history of science, exploring the old traditions of a "sophic" understanding of the cosmos which always existed side by side with a "logical" one, i.e., the heritage from ancient mysticism, gnosticism, alchemy, and metaphysical speculation which so "disgracefully" characterizes the beginnings of modern science. In this book, Pagel tries to locate the great physician and philosopher Theophrastus of Hohenheim called Paracelsus (1493-1541) within the history of science at that turning point between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance and to understand him on the basis of the specific relationship of inheriting and modifying the traditions of neoplatonie and gnostic thought in his writings. After an introductory chapter about Paracelsus's position in the history of medicine and in contemporary times, the author investigates the neoplatonic and gnostic sources and presuppositions for the medical-physical world-view of Paracelsus. It should have been pointed out more clearly in this chapter, however, that the study of gnosticism and its effect upon the thinking of the later Hellenism is still in its beginning stages. He describes, then, Paracelsus's world of ideas as it is to be seen in the light of these neoplatonic and gnostic traditions: the doctrines of the invisible spiritual world, the astral powers, the astral body, dualism of sex, the two kinds of fire, the Logoi, the elements, primordial matter, etc. In each case, possible connections with the Hermetic writings, alchemy, gnosticism, neoplatonism, and their transmission through mysticism, cabbala, and the neoplatonic philosophers of the Renaissance (especially Marsilius Ficinus) as well as through St. Augustine have been discussed. Here are a few other distressing misrepresentations of what Bayle has to say: p. 30, on Jews; p. 30, n. 6, on the inspiration of scripture; p. 31, n. 2, on the same subject; p. 37, on miracles; p. 61, n. 1, on man's dominion over animals; p. 92, n. 4, on Christian and natural morality; p. 137, n. 4, on moral and speculative dogmas. Page 92, n. 9, refers to several pages in which Bayle's concluding remark flatly contradicts Professor Mason's interpretation. Spot checks in Moland have turned up no misrepresentations of Voltaire's thought, which is generally less qualified than Bayle's. 128 HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY The result is that this Hellenistic-Middle Age syncretism has had a far-reaching influence upon Paracelsus's thought. Because he was in no way a systematic philosopher, his writings are full of contradictions, developments, unitarian and dualistic tendencies, theistic... (shrink)

Current report assessed measurement reproducibility and reliability of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 3 Tesla in left and right posterior insular, pregenual and anterior midcingulate subdivisions. 10 healthy male volunteers aged 20 to 30 years were tested on four different days, of which 9 were included in the data analysis. Intra- and inter-subject variability of myo-Inositol (mI), Creatine (Cre), Glutamate (glu), total-Choline (tCho), total-N-acetylaspartate (tNAA) and combined Glutamine-Glutamate (Glx) were calculated considering the influence of movement parameters, age, daytime of measurements (...) and tissue composition. Overall mean intra-subject variability revealed small mean coefficients of variation (CV) across the four regions: 5.3% in aMCC, 6.6% in pgACC, 7.3% in pIL and 8.2% in pIR. For all neurochemicals combined, mean inter-subject variability demonstrated mean CVs of 9.05% (aMCC), 8.84% (pgACC), 10.00% (pIL) and 10.55% (pIR). Head movement, tissue composition and day time revealed no significant explanatory variance contribution suggesting a negligible influence on data. A strong correlation between Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLB; a measure of fitting errors) and the mean intra-subject CV (r=0.799, p<0.001) outlined the importance of low CRLB in order to obtain robust and finally meaningful 1H-MRS measures. The present findings confirm 1H-MRS as a reliable tool to measure brain neurochemistry in small subregions of the human brain. (shrink)

Herbert Marcuse; Jürgen Habermas; Alfred Schmidt; et al., "Antworten auf Herbert Marcuse." Suhrkamp, 1968. Jean-Michel Palmier, "Présentation d'Herbert Marcuse." Union générale d'éditions, 1968. Tito Perlini, "Che cosa ha veramente detto Marcuse." Ubaldini Editore, 1968. Dieter Ulle; Ju. Zemoshkin; N. Motroshlova; et al., "E' rivoluzionaria la dottrina di Marcuse?" Borla, 1969.

EUVÉ, François. Science, foi, sagesse . Faut-il parler de convergence? João Batista Libanio MUTSCHLER, Hans-Dieter. Physik und religion . Perspektiven und Grenzen eines Dialogs. João Batista Libanio RIEGER, Joerg. Remember the poor . The callenge to theology in the twenty-first century. João Batista Libanio RIBEIRO, Fernando. Os Incas . As plantas do poder e um tribunal espanhol. João Batista Libanio SOUZA, Alberto de Mello e (Org.). Dimensões da avaliação educacional . Suzana dos Santos Gomes BOFF, Leonardo. Virtudes para um (...) outro mundo possível . v. I: Hospitalidade: direito e dever de todos. BOFF, Leonardo. Virtudes para um outro mundo possível . v. II: Convivência, respeito & tolerância . Paulo Agostinho Nogueira Baptista LIBANIO, João Batista. Qual o futuro do Cristianismo? Paulo Agostinho Nogueira Baptista. (shrink)

La connaissance négative ne se cantonne pas à la connaissance de Dieu. Partant de l’idée d’une conscience préréflexive qu’à la suite de l’école de Heidelberg je considère comme indispensable à une compréhension adéquate de la conscience humaine et dont Jean-Paul Sartre marque la particularité en l’appelant conscience (de) soi, j’affirme, en me référant à Dieter Henrich, qu’il n’y a d’accès à une telle conscience que par une connaissance négative, comme celle développée par Thomas d’Aquin dans sa doctrine de Dieu. (...) Les théories de la conscience de soi de Klaus Düsing et de Michel Henry, qui décrivent cette conscience préréflexive au moyen d’une connaissance positive, attestent l’échec d’une telle entreprise. (shrink)

In September 2002 the President of the United States issued a new National Security Strategy. Under the impact of 9/11 the authors of this NSS argue that the United States needs to pre-emptively attack rogue states that try to develop weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and have links to terrorists who might use these WMDs against the United States or its allies. This article analyzes this so-called ?Bush doctrine? asking about its legality, justice and feasibility in the present world order. (...) Furthermore, it attempts to show which underlying tacit assumptions the authors of the NSS must make to give their argument for a right to forcible regime change plausibility. To do so the NSS is being contrasted with a realistic utopian concept of an idealized international order in which preventive defense and regime change might seem justifiable. (shrink)

This is a collection of four essays on aesthetic, ethical, and political issues by the pre-eminent Kant scholar in Germany today, perhaps best known for rekindling interest in the great classical German tradition from Kant to Fichte.

Die vorliegende Analyse setzt sich mit dem Vorwurf der gesellschaftlichen Irrelevanz von Peter Handkes Prosa auseinander. Anhand einer vergleichenden Interpretation von R. M. Rilkes Malte und P. Handkes Stunde soll die Unhaltbarkeit dieser These unter Beweis gestellt werden, insofern sich die Ich-Orientierung bei Handke im Gegensatz zu Rilkes letztlich streng solipsistischer Attitüde als eine im Gegeneffekt doch im Sozialbereich verankerte Subjektivität enthüllt.

Diese folgenden Texte betreffen allesamt die Theorieversuche über Selbstverhältnisse, welche die klassische deutsche Philosophie entwickelt hat. Sie gehen auch allesamt darauf aus, diese Theorieversuche aus ihren Prämissen neu aufzubauen und ihre Begründungen nicht allein von den Argumenten abhängig sein zu lassen, die sich in den Werken der klassischen Philosophie finden.

The title of this volume A Man of Many Interests: Plutarch on Religion, Myth, and Magic. Essays in honour of Aurelio Pérez Jiménez is first and foremost a coalescing homage to Plutarch and to Aurelio, and to the way they have been inspiring (as master and indirect disciple) a multitude of readers in their path to knowledge, here metonymically represented by the scholars who offer their tribute to them. The analysis developed throughout the several contributions favors a philological approach of (...) wide spectrum, i.e., stemming from literary and linguistic aspects, it projects them into their cultural, religious, philosophical, and historical framework. The works were organized into two broad sections, respectively devoted to the Lives and to the Moralia. Contributors are: Frances Titchener, Carlos Alcalde Martín, José Luis Calvo, Delfim Leão, Judith Mossman, Anastasios G. Nikolaidis, Christopher Pelling, Philip Stadter, Paola Volpe, Francesco Becchi, Israel Muñoz Gallarte, Lautaro Roig Lanzillotta, Geert Roskam, Vicente M. Ramón Palerm, Frederick Brenk, John Dillon, Franco Ferrari, Aristoula Georgiadou, Luc van der Stockt, Luisa Lesage Gárriga. (shrink)

A summary of recent experimental results shows that entanglement can be generated more easily than before, and that there are improved chances for its persistence. An eminent finding of Generalised Quantum Theory is the insight that the notion of entanglement can be extended, such that, e.g., psychological or psychophysical problem areas can be included, too. First, a general condition for entanglement to occur is given by the term ‘common prearranged context’. A formalised treatment requires a quantitative definition of the similarity (...) or dissimilarity between two complex structures which takes their internal structures into account. After some specific remarks on distance, metrics, and semi-metrics in mathematics, a procedure is described for setting up a similarity function with the required properties. This procedure is in analogy with the two-step character of measurement and with the well-known properties of perspective notions. A general methodology can be derived for handling perspective notions. Finally, these concepts supply heuristic clues towards a formalised treatment of the notions of ‘meaning’ and ‘interpretation’. (shrink)

In spite of incomplete knowledge we are permanently forced to act in complex real-life situations. First, a modern concept of information, the non-trivial transition from information to knowledge, patterns of missing knowledge, and the concept of perspective notions are studied. The main sections review some guidelines for action under incomplete information. A modern view of the concepts of holism and wholeness reveals that (in contrast to some critics) general system theory does not require any metaphysical assumption or previously accepted worldview. (...) The concepts of holism and wholeness, as well as general system theory, are well-founded, even under strict criteria. (shrink)

Dieses Buch zeigt die konkrete Ausformung und die Arbeitsprozesse des nicht-sprachlichen Denkens. Es untersucht die Funktionen des szenisch-phantasmatischen Systems in seinen grundlegenden Arten und Komponenten sowie dessen konkretes Arbeiten anhand zentraler Themen. Methodische Grundlage ist die deskriptive Phänomenologie Husserls. Als normale und entwickelte Menschen denken wir zwar für gewöhnlich im Modus der Sprache, aber das ist nicht unsere einzige Weise zu denken. Es gibt nicht nur prinzipiell, sondern auch faktisch funktionierende Alternativen: Ein System der nicht-sprachlichen Repräsentation kognitiver Inhalte im menschlichen (...) Bewusstsein. Dieses System kann zur Darstellung und Manipulation vorgestellter Sachverhalte eingesetzt werden, sodass Folgerungen, Handlungsalternativen und die Planung der Zukunft auf der Grundlage vorangegangener Erfahrung möglich werden. Für dieses nicht-sprachliche Denken ist das szenisch-phantasmatische System zentral, das auf der Grundlage von kurzfristigen Phantasmen arbeitet, die uns wie wirklich gesehene Tatsachen, Situationen und Szenen erscheinen, obwohl sie aus der Imagination stammen. Das nicht-sprachliche System lässt sich als ein noch funktionierendes Überbleibsel eines Systems interpretieren, das wir mit den Hominiden und vielen Tieren gemeinsam haben. Diese Hypothese, bestärkt durch viele eindrucksvolle Beispiele intelligenten Verhaltens bei Tieren, wird in einigen Aspekten bereits von der neurologischen Forschung bestätigt. Das Buch bietet eine systematische und umfassende Behandlung des Themas, indem es die eidetische Phänomenologie des Denkens mit der empirischen und vergleichenden Psychologie, mit Neurologie, Evolutionstheorie, Primatologie und auch einigen herausfordernden Einsichten angewandter Disziplinen in eine fruchtbare Diskussion bringt. (shrink)

My contribution tries to outline some of the motives that lead Husserl to genetic phenomenology. The starting point are the analyses he wrote to include in Ideas I and Ideas II, which are dedicated to the founding of human sciences during the period 1910–1916. Here we find an intertwinement of investigations concerned with an understanding of others and their contribution to the constitution of objectivity, and new research of the genesis of the way in which individual experience shapes our access (...) to the world. My main interest is to point out systematic connections between these two directions of research which are general characteristics of genetic phenomenology. (shrink)